SCULLY: Yeah, well, it appears he was a master calligrapher as well. Look, Mulder, they've got gum arabic and sodium hydroxide here. Whoo, these would be used to, uh, to age the ink and the paper prematurely. It's a... it's a forger's trick.

E 414 - Gummi arabicum/ akaciagummi (övriga tillsatser)
E-nummer Övriga. 25 okt 2008. FUNKTION
Förtjocknings- och stabiliseringsmedel.

FRAMSTÄLLNING
Den torkade mjölksaften från trädet Acacia senegal, vilket tillhör familjen ärt-/baljväxter.

ANVÄNDNINGSOMRÅDE
Används i t.ex. godis, läsk, glass, konditorivaror och tuggummi.

KÄNDA HÄLSORISKER
Kan ge upphov till överkänslighetsreaktioner hos personer som är allergiska mot ärtor, bönor eller jordnötter.

There were actually two problems that I attacked. One was whether or not the ink could be artificially aged so that it could not be, it would not be detectable under normal laboratory procedures. And secondly, whether that procedure would also crack the ink. And my research showed that was, indeed, the case....I found it in one of the old texts that referred to the forensic examination of some old forged instruments where they talked about the artificial aging of iron gallotannic ink by exposing it to ammonia....that was the first reference I had seen to that. After I read that, I made iron gallotannic inks of various types myself and exposed them to ammonia, both ammonia and sodium hydroxide, and found that...it did, indeed, artificially age the inks. As a matter of fact, the reaction's immediate. The sodium hydroxide, in particular, will immediately take the iron gallotannic inks and turn them a deep rust color on the paper. It won't crack the inks, however. It was not until I began adding some of the additives that were typically added to the inks of that time period, in particular, the sugars and the gums and probably the most...commonly used additive in that time period would have been gum arabic,...

9. Gammalt papper
1) Gammalt åldrande papper gör man genom att dränka in papper i en lösning av starkt the.
Låt pappret torka. Pappret kommer att skrynkla sig men det ökar bara effekten av att pappret
är gammalt. Skriv med citronjuice. Skriften kommer att blekna pappret.
2) I Japan tillverkas färgat papper genom att doppa pappret i extrakt av rödkål, rödlök eller
rädisa. Skriv texten med en syra eller bas. Extrahera ut färgämnena (antocyanider och
flavanoider) med 2-propanol och eller i vatten.
3) August Strindberg trodde att han hade tillverkat guld genom denna metod. Blöt ett papper
med en nygjord lösning av järn(II)sulfatlösning. Håll pappret över konc. ammoniak. Gör detta
i ett dragskåp! Lägg pappret i ett värmeskåp och låt torka. Med ammoniak bildas det blåa
dubbelsaltet (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O, Mohrs salt. Efter upphettning/torkning bildas gulröd
järn(III)oxidhydroxid, rost. Pappret får ett ålderdomligt intryck.
Riskbedömning: Ammoniak är frätande och kan ge upphov till allergisk reaktion. Använd
dragskåp. Använd skyddsglasögon och personlig skyddsutrustning.

A week later Flynn sat at his desk and tried to duplicate the techniques Hofmann might have used. He mixed the gum arabic with a new batch of iron gallotannic ink in a glass bottle. He dipped a steel pen into the ink bottle and scratched a sentence across a sheet of century-old paper. The sentence was aged for half an hour with the highest-quality sodium hydroxide. Finally Flynn slipped the sheet under the microscope and focused. The letters were smooth at first, but then began to break in an odd, alligator pattern. They were cracking.

Flynn later figured it out. Gum arabic undergoes a radical change when it is exposed to an alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide. That change causes the gum to transform from a thin fluid to a material that is thick and brittle. Something that would crack as it dried.

Ta bort den där hemska osanna signaturen Sugmund.

Ta bort den där hemska osanna signaturen Sugmund. [...]

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